Choosing a heating system option for a private or country house is a rather serious and responsible moment. If you have chosen a heating system with natural circulation, then you need to know that you will need to install a boiler that depends on electricity. However, their operation does not require an uninterrupted supply of electricity, which can be provided by an uninterruptible power supply for a heating pump. In our conditions, sudden power outages may not occur so rarely, and the energy dependence of the heating system can be a rather significant and important argument. That is why such a question as automation for the heating circulation pump and special devices for providing it with energy becomes important.
Automation for heating circulation pump
Circulation pump control
Let's talk about controlling the circulation pump
heating systems to maintain an optimally comfortable temperature in the premises of the building without the extra costs of heating the coolant in the heating boiler, or wasting electricity on switching the speed of rotation of the circulation pump shaft, which is precisely responsible for the temperature parameters in the home.
Innovations in circulation pump control systems
Simple circulation pumps from the first products of the best manufacturers of these units from Omnigena
,
Grundfos
,
IBO
,
Unipump
and
WILO
do not have automatic controllers for pump operation based on room temperature.
Already starting with the Grundfos ALPHA2
production of units with functions for automatically adjusting the pump operation depending on the set room temperature began
( Grundfos UP 20-14 BXUT , Grundfos UP 15-14 BUT , Grundfos MAGNA
and
Grundfos MAGNA
-3 - models already with a thermostat and a timer that sets the pump operating mode by the time the pump is turned on and off and by the room temperature,
Grundfos UP 20-14 BXT
- models with one timer without a thermostat,
Grundfos UP 15-14 BT
- only with a thermostat).
Now you no longer need to monitor the temperature (thermostat) in the rooms and turn off the boiler when you leave home for a long period. The automation itself began to monitor temperature indicators throughout the house and, based on this data, “forced” the pump to work with greater or less intensity, supplying more or less heat to the radiators of the house.
Automatic devices (timer) began to track the program that you set for turning on and off not only the pump, but also the boiler, that is, the entire heating system, which is very important if you are absent for a long time (when you arrive from vacation, the building will already be heated and you won’t have to wait for the batteries to warm up and the air in the house to heat up).
In addition to these important and convenient functions, new models of circulation pumps have “learned” how to save heat in the house, monitor energy consumption for both heat and electricity, and manage the rational balance of energy in the house.
Modern automatic circular pumps of the Grundfos MAGNA and Grundfos MAGNA-3 series can already independently use the AvtoADAPT automatic machine, which has already begun to be used with the Grundfos ALPHA2 series:
Adjust your operating characteristics in accordance with the amount of heat that the boiler produces;
Proportionally regulate the pressure by changing the pressure characteristics of the pump itself;
Maintain automatically a constant water pressure in the heating system despite the water flow in the main;
Switch independently to a night mode, with a reduced supply of coolant to the system, a mode that is combined with all previous modes of the unit and depends on the temperature of the water in the supply system.
In addition, the MAGNA and MAGNA -3 series received a number of additional functionality from the R100 control panel:
Operating mode corresponding to constant characteristics in terms of speed or regulation in terms of max./min values. or in this interval;
Automatic regulation of temperature modes - pressure and temperature of the coolant; Alarm for emergency condition of the pump and heating system with light indication.
These add-ons also include:
Possibility of automatic synchronous operation in conjunction with several similar units;
External analog and forced control through the switching unit;
Data exchange via communication bus;
External start/stop control, ready-to-work signaling.
Circulation pumps of the MAGNA series can be adjusted in 3 ways, which are indicated on the control panel with the corresponding symbols:
Through automatic adaptive control with a factory-set pressure in the network - the AvtoADAPT system;
Proportional control of coolant pressure;
Constant pressure regulation.
The latest generation of pumps use the following controls to enter installation data:
Keyboard of the control panel located in the terminal box;
Remote control type R100;
Control from the communication bus.
Circulation pump control systems are available separately
In addition to the above-mentioned serial models of automated circulation pumps, specialized retail outlets sell separate universal radio frequency devices for controlling the rotation speed of the pump motor depending on the temperature NMS 82, which operates on the principle of a thermostat based on the temperature of the fluid flow in the heating system and which sends certain signals to the rotation speed control relay pump shaft.
You can use the data from an Italian-made Fantini Cosmi immersion or contact thermostat and not build a pump control system.
You can also use electronic control systems for starting the circulation pump after the heating boiler creates a temperature difference in the supply and return zones of at least 5-10 degrees according to the following scheme:
using a thermistor and start capacitors.
You can use heating boiler operation regulators - E8 thermostats in heating systems, linking the operation of the boiler with turning on/off the circulation pump through a common pump power supply on the boiler control panel.
Rules for connecting to power supply
The circulation pump is powered. The connection is standard. It is recommended to install a separate power supply line with a surge protector.
To connect, you need to prepare 3 wires - phase, neutral and ground.
You can choose any of the connection methods:
- through a differential machine device;
- connection to the network together with an uninterruptible power supply;
- power supply to the pump from the boiler automation system;
- with thermostat regulation.
Many people wonder why complicate things, because connecting the pump can be done by connecting a plug to a wire. This is how the pumping device is plugged into a regular outlet.
However, experts do not recommend using this method due to the risk of unforeseen situations: there is no grounding and a safety device.
A circuit with a differential machine is used for so-called wet groups. A heating system constructed in this way ensures a high degree of safety for wiring, equipment and people.
The first option is not difficult to assemble yourself. It is necessary to install an 8 A differential circuit breaker. The wire cross-section is selected based on the device rating.
In the standard scheme, the power supply is carried out to the upper sockets - they are marked with odd numbers, the load - to the lower ones (even numbers). Both phase and neutral will be connected to the machine, so the connectors for the latter are designated by the letter N.
To automate the process of stopping the circulation of the coolant when cooling to a certain temperature, an electrical circuit is used to connect the pump and thermostat. The second is mounted in the supply line.
At the moment when the water temperature drops to the specified value, the device disconnects the electrical supply circuit.
In order for the thermostat to turn off the circulation process at the right time, it is installed on a metal section of the pipeline line. Due to poor heat conductivity of polymers, installation on a plastic pipe will result in incorrect operation of the device
There are no difficulties in supplying electricity through an uninterruptible power supply; it has special connectors for this. A heat generator is also connected to them when there is a need to provide electricity.
If you choose the method of connecting the pump to the boiler control panel or automation, you will need good knowledge of the power supply system or the help of a professional.
Controller for boiler circulation pump KG CS-07
The KG CS-07 controller is designed to control the pump that circulates water in the central heating system. The regulator's job is to turn on the pump if the temperature exceeds the value you set, as well as turn it off if the boiler cools down (as a result of extinguishing). This avoids unnecessary pump operation, which saves energy (depending on the degree of use of the boiler, savings can be even 60%), and also extends the service life of the pump. Thanks to this, the reliability of the pump increases and the costs associated with its operation are reduced. The thermostat is equipped with an anti-stop system. Another useful feature is the beep sound, which indicates that the temperature is too high. The signal starts when the temperature at the point where the sensor is installed exceeds (90 ° C). The thermostat is also equipped with an anti-freeze system and turns on the pump when the temperature drops below 5 degrees C. Below this temperature, the pump runs all the time.
Power: 230/50Hz +/-10% Power Consumption: 2W Ambient Temperature: -10 to 50°C Pump Output Load: 6 Temperature Measuring Range: 0 to 99°C Adjustable Temperature Range: 5 to 80 °C Temperature sensor strength: -10 to 120 °C Sensor cable length: 1.2m
Thermostat CS-07C
The CS-07C thermostat can be used as a thermostat or underfloor heating pump controller. The device can regulate the temperature of turning the pump on and off. The pump turns on when the user-set temperature (O) is exceeded and will turn off when the user-set temperature (U) is reached. CS-07C is equipped with an anti-stop function that prevents the pump from sticking outside the heating season every 14 days for approximately 15 seconds. Another useful feature of the controller is an audible alarm that signals when the temperature is too high. The signal appears when the temperature in the place where the sensor is installed exceeds (90 degrees C). The controller is also equipped with frost protection and starts the pump if the temperature drops below 5°C; below this temperature the pump runs all the time. Power: 230/50Hz +/-10% Power Consumption: 2W Ambient Temperature: -10 to 50°C Temperature Measuring Range: 0 to 99°C Adjustable Temperature Range: 10 to 75°C Temperature Sensor Strength: -10 to 120°
Instructions for the boiler pump controller can be downloaded below in the specifications section
Boiler fan:
In some models of pyrolysis or conventional solid fuel boilers, it is convenient to use forced air exhaust fans and smoke exhausters. From the Polish manufacturer MplusM, they are represented by the series RR 152-3030 LH, R2E 150 AN91-06, R2E 180 CG 82-05+kond, R2E 210 AA 34-05+KPL. You can find out the cost of MplusM smoke exhausters with different characteristics by clicking on the link below.
To control the boiler in automatic mode, according to the specified parameters of temperature, time, etc., a control unit or controller must be connected to the fan. This device, with a built-in microprocessor, will control the operation of a boost fan or smoke exhauster, according to specified programs in the database or based on user settings. All controllers for fans or smoke exhausters are equipped with several factory programs for controlling fan operation. Some of them have advanced functionality. You can not only set the time for turning the fan on and off based on the coolant temperature, but also set the fan speed (boost power) at each stage of the heating boiler operation. The most popular controller models: ATOS, Comfort Eco, KG Elektronik CS-19. The price of boiler controllers depends on the quantity in the order.
For example, the price of the control unit is
For the undemanding buyer or those with limited financial resources, manufacturers produce budget versions of kits for connecting to the boiler (fan + controller). These kits are affordable but limited in functionality. For example: Boiler control unit PK 22+fan NWS 75
How to choose a circuit breaker and wire for an electric boiler
admin Date: 02/04/2019
To protect electric boilers from overload, circuit breakers are used. How to correctly calculate the parameters and choose a circuit breaker for an electric boiler.
The circuit breaker for the electric boiler protects the power cable from thermal overload. The cause of insulation melting is prolonged overheating of the wires caused by excess current. This may cause a short circuit.
As a rule, the fuse is installed on the meter, on the wire leading to the protected equipment.
To correctly select a pass-through switch with an automatic circuit breaker, you need to select the wire cross-section, calculate the rated current of the electric boiler and take into account the nature of use of the connected equipment.
The wire
To connect an electric boiler, you need to lay a dedicated cable. Even if the boiler has a power of up to 3 kW at 220 V, you should not plug it into the network through a regular outlet - you will load the internal wires of the electrical wiring unnecessarily.
It is recommended to connect electrical equipment and partitions with a power of over 1.5 kW via a copper wire. Copper wires are more durable than aluminum, and for the same load you will need a smaller cross-sectional diameter.
The cross-section of the current-carrying wire is selected based on the rated power of the connected equipment and the network voltage.
The power section of the wire for 220 V will be thicker than for a voltage of 380 V with the same power of an electric boiler.
You can calculate the wire cross-section yourself. To simplify the task, we offer a final table of cross-sections of aluminum and copper conductors.
Wire cross-section table
Table of wire cross-sections for connecting electrical equipment
| Core cross-sectional area, mm2 | Copper wire | Aluminum wire | ||||||
| Single-phase network 220 V | Three-phase network 380 V | Single-phase network 220 V | Three-phase network 380 V | |||||
| Rated current, A | power, kWt | Rated current, A | power, kWt | Rated current, A | power, kWt | Rated current, A | power, kWt | |
| 1,5 | 19 | 4,3 | 16 | 10,0 | — | — | — | — |
| 2,5 | 27 | 6,0 | 25 | 16,6 | 20 | 4,5 | 19 | 11,9 |
| 4 | 38 | 8,5 | 30 | 18,7 | 28 | 6,3 | 23 | 14,6 |
| 6 | 46 | 10,3 | 40 | 25,0 | 36 | 8,1 | 30 | 18,7 |
| 10 | 70 | 15,7 | 50 | 31,2 | 50 | 11,2 | 39 | 24,3 |
| 16 | 85 | 19,0 | 75 | 46,8 | 60 | 13,4 | 55 | 34,3 |
| 25 | 115 | 25,8 | 90 | 56,2 | 85 | 19,0 | 70 | 43,7 |
| 35 | 135 | 30,2 | 115 | 71,8 | 100 | 22,4 | 85 | 53,0 |
| 50 | 175 | 39,2 | 145 | 90,5 | 135 | 30,2 | 110 | 68,6 |
| 70 | 215 | 48,2 | 180 | 112,3 | 165 | 37,0 | 140 | 87,4 |
| 95 | 260 | 58,2 | 220 | 13,7 | 200 | 48,0 | 170 | 106,1 |
DS18S20
Update September 15, 2015. Added firmware for a two-speed pump
Update September 10, 2015. Added firmware for pic16F628A microcontroller
The device was initially assembled on a pic16f84a (pic16f628a) microcontroller. The DS1820 (DS18S20) sensor measures the temperature of the pipe at the boiler outlet. Depending on the temperature, the microcontroller turns the circulation pump on or off. Its main task is to turn on the circulation pump when the pipe is hot and turn it off when the pipe is cool.
To speed up the heating of the heating system when starting the boiler while the pipe is cold, by pressing the button you can switch the controller to manual mode for half an hour. In this case, the pump turns on when the pipe is cold. If the pipe does not warm up within half an hour, the controller goes into normal mode, turning off the pump.
When the temperature goes beyond the specified limits (less than +6 and more than +68 degrees), the controller sounds a sound signal and lights up the red LED. If the sensor breaks, a sound signal also sounds and the red LED lights up.
Simplified and schematically, this can be depicted as follows:
More information about the indication: LED1:
(temperature)
- off – temperature between 7 and 39
- green – temperature between 39 and 69
- yellow – temperature >69 or 6°C)
- 44H (68 => 34°C)
- 88H (136 => 68°C)
If you need to set other temperature thresholds, then you need to change these values. For example, you need to set the thresholds to 12, 45 and 75°C.
- 12 => 12*2=24 => 18H
- 45 => 45*2=90 => 5AH
- 75 => 75*2=150 => 96H
Thus, new values 18H, 5AH and 96H must be entered into the EEPROM cells before flashing.
Update:
In v2.2, the ability to select the temperature sensor type DS1820 or DS18B20 by setting the Jmp1 jumper has been added.
In final assembled form. The building cost half a kingdom.
Printed circuit board
Schematic diagram of switching on a two-speed pump. Nothing fundamentally changed in the basic design. A second node has been added (circled with a dotted line) to connect the high speed output of the pump. According to the logic of the controller’s operation, the second triac unit is turned on in the rapid heating mode. In normal mode, the second node is disabled and the first is enabled.
This scheme corresponds to firmware version 2.2.2
.
Firmware v2.2.2 has not been tested on a real device
Firmware
Version 2.2.2 for two-speed pump
Fuse configuration for pic16f628a 0x3FE9
In version 2.2.1, a bug in selecting a temperature sensor has been fixed. Firmware is available for two microcontrollers:
Fuse configuration for pic16f628a 0x3FE9
Version 2.2 added the ability to select a DS1820 or DS18B20 temperature sensor. DS18B20 is selected by installing jumper Jmp1. The firmware has not been tested in hardware. Subscribe, who will check.
Version 2.1 added the ability to set your own temperature values when flashing the firmware.
Version 2.0 fixed a small bug that only appeared when the temperature sensor was broken.
Modern heat controllers TEPLOCOM TC for heating systems
Well-known Russian manufacturer of power supplies and automation devices, Bastion
produces a line of modern heating system controllers TEPLOCOM TC.
Description of the heating system controller TEPLOCOM TC-8Z
T EPLOCOM TC-8Z
heat controller is designed to control a multi-circuit heating system at home. The controller allows you to control the operation of the heating boiler, circulation pumps, and regulating shut-off devices.
The heat controller is capable of providing temperature control in all areas of your home. It has 8 control outputs, which makes it possible to control 8 independent heating zones. Using the TEPLOCOM TC-8Z
allows you to achieve significant savings in energy resources due to the ability to set different temperature conditions in different rooms of the house. The heat controller effectively controls the operation of the heating boiler and circulation pumps, which reduces the load on them and increases the service life of these devices.
TEPLOCOM TC-8Z controller
is a universal device and can work with heating boilers, circulation pumps, servo drives, thermostats from various manufacturers.
TEPLOCOM TC-8Z controller
It can be easily installed, does not require professional knowledge for programming, and has a clear indication of operating modes.
Advantages of the TEPLOCOM TC-8Z heating system controller
The TEPLOCOM TC-8Z heat controller has the following advantages:
- ability to control temperature in 8 independent zones;
- possibility of direct control of thermoelectric servos;
- support for devices with normally open or normally closed operating modes;
- the ability to turn off the heating boiler and circulation pump in certain operating modes;
- possibility of setting the delay value for turning on the heating boiler;
- the ability to set the delay value for turning on the circulation pumps of the heating system;
- regulation of the pump shutdown delay;
- indication of operating modes of the heating boiler, circulation pumps, servos and other actuators;
- increasing the efficiency of the heating system by installing separate heating modes for different rooms;
- simple device switching and easy installation.
TEPLOCOM TC controllers are reliable devices that provide effective control of the home heating system.
TEPLOCOM TC heat controllers can be connected to gas boilers and circulation pumps from various manufacturers.
The factory warranty period for TEPLOCOM thermal controllers is 5 years!
About installation and its features
A thermostatic type valve is installed on the supply part of the regulator pipeline. It is important to maintain a horizontal position for the heating device head. Exposure to direct sunlight and heat in large quantities is unacceptable.
Radiators cannot perform their functions properly if they are covered with curtains or crowded with furniture. In such a situation, a zone with an almost complete lack of sensitivity appears. This means that there is no contact with the environment.
Otherwise
If it is impossible to install the heating system in any other way, you will have to use remote control sensors that have a sensitive overlay element. So-called mini heating regulators are also designed for installation in niches.
Experts recommend installing a special shut-off valve on the return line of the heating radiator. Then you will not have to disconnect the entire heating system from the riser if you need to clean the battery or dismantle it.
